

Gunpowder in Windrose comes from two main sources: looting pirate camps early on, and crafting it yourself at a Millstone once you reach the Foothills and unlock the recipe. Early on you’ll be ammo-starved and relying on drops; mid-game you can set up a near-unlimited production chain using sulfur and ash.
Once you’ve got that loop running, guns stop feeling “precious” and start becoming your main problem solver. Below is exactly how I route it in my own runs, including the bits the game quietly expects you to figure out.

Before you ever see a Millstone, your best (and basically only) gunpowder source is pirates. In the opening islands and especially in the Coastal Jungle, gun-wielding enemies and their supply bales drop small stacks of gunpowder.
The most efficient loop I’ve found early on is:
To stretch this early-game gunpowder, treat guns as finishers or emergency tools, not your default opener. Use melee and basic tools for most fights and keep gunpowder for:
This carries you until you can build your first serious production base in the Foothills.
The game deliberately locks proper gunpowder crafting behind a block of main-story progress. In single-player, you cannot rush straight to the recipe; you’ve got to do the early quests and beat the first big boss.
Here’s the rough sequence that’s worked consistently for me:
The last gating piece is surprisingly specific: corn. Once you reach the Foothills, you need to actually discover corn in the wild for the Millstone (and so gunpowder recipe) to unlock in your crafting menus.
In my runs, corn has reliably shown up:
Pick up at least one ear of corn and you should see a notification for new recipes. After this trigger, check your Workbench and you’ll find the option to craft a Millstone.
With corn discovered and Foothills progression done, the next step is to actually build the station you’ll be using to make gunpowder.
At a Workbench, craft a Millstone. The exact material names can vary slightly by version, but you’ll be spending:
Place the Millstone at your base (I put mine beside storage and my Charcoal Kiln). Interact with it and scroll through the recipes – you should now see Homemade Gunpowder.
In the current version I’m playing, the recipe is:
There’s some chatter about alternate numbers (like 25/25), but every test I’ve done across saves has used the 10 sulfur / 20 ash recipe. You can further boost output by hiring the NPC Mortar Joe (cost me 500 silver); when he’s assigned, my batches jump beyond the base 10, so he’s worth picking up once your economy can handle it.

Sulfur is the hard cap on how much gunpowder you can make, so this is where your route matters. You must have an Iron Pickaxe to mine proper sulfur nodes; lower-tier tools just bounce off.
Once you’re kitted out, here’s where I consistently find sulfur:
After you unlock the Foothills and do a bit more story content, certain Natural Resources merchants also start selling sulfur for currency. I treat merchant sulfur as a top-up when I’m short for a batch, not the backbone of my supply.
My usual sulfur loop:
Do this every time you’re in the area and your sulfur stock quietly snowballs without feeling like a grind.
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Ash is technically easier than sulfur, but it’s tied to another important resource: charcoal. You’ll need charcoal for smelting ingots, so it’s worth setting up a clean system from the start instead of randomly burning everything.
Use a Charcoal Kiln as your main ash factory:
Because charcoal is also your fuel for smelting ores, I try not to grind it unless I’m bottlenecked on ash but swimming in logs. A simple, low-micro setup that’s worked nicely:
Because gunpowder uses twice as much ash as sulfur per batch (20 vs 10), it’s normal for ash to be your more volatile number. Keeping that extra kiln humming smooths things out.
Once you have sulfur, ash, and a Millstone, the last real optimization is simply layout. A tight base layout turns gunpowder from a chore into something you casually top up between adventures.
After a couple of play sessions using this setup, I usually stabilize at a few hundred gunpowder in reserve, which is enough to freely use firearms for most encounters instead of hoarding shots “just in case.”
Two last notes based on recent runs and community chatter:
With these systems in place, gunpowder shifts from being your most precious resource to just another thing your base quietly churns out. From there, the real limit is how many bullets and bombs you feel like crafting.